must

しなければならない

何かをする必要や義務があることを表す。

やさしい英語で： Used to say that doing something is necessary or required.

• You must wear a helmet.
• We must leave before six.
• Visitors must not feed the animals.

使い方： must + base verb (You must bring your passport.); must not + base verb (You must not park here.)

類義語： have to, need to

よく使う表現： must do something, must wear something, must not enter, must arrive

に違いない、はずだ

分かっている事実から、ほぼ間違いないと考えることを表す。

やさしい英語で： Used when facts make you believe something is almost certainly true.

• You must be hungry.
• Someone must have taken my umbrella.
• That noise must mean the train is coming.

使い方： must + base verb (He must know the answer.); must have + past participle (She must have missed the bus.)

よく使う表現： must be tired, must have left, must be true, must have happened

必需品、必須のもの

必要なものや、ぜひ手に入れたり体験したりすべきもの。

やさしい英語で： Something you need or that people strongly recommend.

• A warm coat is a must.
• This museum is a must for art lovers.
• Helmets are an absolute must on this trip.

使い方： a must for someone/something (Good shoes are a must for walkers.)

類義語： necessity, essential

よく使う表現： a must, an absolute must

ブドウ果汁

ワインづくりに使う果汁。普通はブドウの果汁を指す。

やさしい英語で： Fruit juice, usually from grapes, used in making wine.

• The must tastes sweet.
• Yeast was added to the must.
• These tanks hold must from freshly pressed grapes.

よく使う表現： grape must, fermenting must