surplus

余剰、供給過剰

必要な量を超えてある状態、またはその余った分。

やさしい英語で： A situation in which there is more of something than people need.

• There is a surplus of rice.
• Good harvests produced a surplus of grain.
• The factory faces a surplus because orders have fallen.

使い方： a surplus of something (The region has a surplus of potatoes.)

類義語： excess, oversupply

反対語： shortage, deficit

よく使う表現： a food surplus, surplus of grain, large surplus, sell the surplus

余分な、余剰の

必要な量や使える量を超えている。

やさしい英語で： More than is needed or can be used.

• We donated the surplus food.
• The shop sold its surplus stock cheaply.
• Surplus funds can be saved for repairs.

類義語： extra, excess, spare

よく使う表現： surplus stock, surplus equipment, surplus funds