spoil

台無しにする、損なう

物を傷めたり、体験の楽しさを損なったりする。

やさしい英語で： To damage something or make an experience less enjoyable.

• Don't spoil the surprise.
• Heavy rain spoiled our picnic.
• You will spoil the film for me if you reveal the ending.

使い方： spoil something for someone (The noise spoiled the evening for everyone.)

類義語： ruin, damage, wreck

反対語： improve

よく使う表現： spoil the fun, spoil a surprise, spoil someone's day

腐る、傷む

食べ物が悪くなり、安全に、またはおいしく食べられなくなる。

やさしい英語で： If food does this, it goes bad and is no longer safe or pleasant to eat.

• Milk can spoil in the heat.
• The fish spoiled because the fridge stopped working.
• Will this food spoil if we leave it outside?

類義語： go bad, rot, decay

よく使う表現： spoil in heat, spoil quickly, spoil without refrigeration, spoil during storage

甘やかす

人にかまいすぎたり物を与えすぎたりして、わがままや行儀の悪さを招く。

やさしい英語で： To give someone so much attention or so many things that they become selfish or badly behaved.

• Don't spoil the children.
• Her parents spoiled her with endless gifts.
• He was spoiled as a child and still expects special treatment.

使い方： spoil someone by doing something (You spoil him by giving him everything he asks for.)

類義語： overindulge, pamper, coddle

よく使う表現： spoil a child, spoil someone rotten, spoil the children, spoil someone with gifts

戦利品、略奪品

特に戦いの後、敵や被害者から奪った金や貴重な品物。

やさしい英語で： Money or valuable things taken from enemies or victims, especially after a battle.

• The soldiers divided the spoil.
• Gold and silver formed part of the captured spoil.
• The conqueror carried the spoil of war back to his city.

類義語： loot, plunder, booty

よく使う表現： spoil of war, divide the spoil, captured spoil