old

古い、年を取った

生まれてから、またはできてから長い時間がたっている。

やさしい英語で： Having lived or existed for a long time.

• This is an old house.
• An old woman sat beside me.
• The oldest tree in the park has fallen.

類義語： aged, elderly, ancient

反対語： young, new

よく使う表現： an old man, an old tree, an old building

～歳の、～か月の

数字や質問とともに、人や物が生まれてからの年月を表す。

やさしい英語で： Used with a number or question to say how long someone or something has existed.

• I am ten years old.
• How old is this building?
• Her baby was only two weeks old.

使い方： be + number + years/months old (The baby is six months old.); how old + be + subject (How old is your dog?)

よく使う表現： how old, years old, months old

以前の、前の

以前使っていた、知っていた、関わっていたが、今はそうでない。

やさしい英語で： Used, known, or connected with you in the past, but no longer.

• I miss my old school.
• She sent the letter to my old address.
• Was your old boss friendly?

類義語： former, previous

反対語： current, new

よく使う表現： my old school, an old address, your old job, the old system

古い、鮮度の落ちた

長く置かれて新鮮さが失われ、使うと危険な場合もある。

やさしい英語で： Kept so long that it is no longer fresh or may be unsafe to use.

• This bread is old and hard.
• She threw away the old milk.
• Don’t eat that old food from the fridge.

類義語： stale, past its best

反対語： fresh

よく使う表現： old bread, old milk, old food

高齢者、お年寄り

高齢者をまとめて指す。通常は「the old」という形で使う。

やさしい英語で： Older people considered together as a group, usually in the expression “the old”.

• The old need good healthcare.
• The festival brought together young and old.
• The charity provides meals for the old.

使い方： the old + plural verb (The old are often affected by extreme heat.)

類義語： older people, the elderly

反対語： the young

よく使う表現： the old, young and old, care for the old

年上の人、おじさん

自分より年上の人。特に十代の若者が大人を指して使う。

やさしい英語で： A person older than you, especially an adult as seen by a teenager.

• The teenagers called him an old.
• The olds complained about the loud music.
• She joked that the party was full of olds.

類義語： oldie, oldster, geezer

よく使う表現： an old, the olds, some boring olds