duty

義務、責務

自分の責任として、または正しいこととして行うべきこと。

やさしい英語で： Something you should do because it is your responsibility or the right thing to do.

• It is my duty to help.
• Parents have a duty to protect their children.
• She carried out her duties with care.

使い方： duty to do something (We have a duty to care for the children.); duty to someone (She feels a duty to her family.)

類義語： responsibility, obligation

よく使う表現： do your duty, duty to someone, sense of duty, moral duty

勤務、当直

仕事に就き、担当の業務を行っている状態。

やさしい英語で： The state of working and being responsible for a particular job or task.

• The nurse is on duty.
• He was off duty when the accident happened.
• Who is on duty tonight?

使い方： on duty (Two guards are on duty at the entrance.); off duty (The doctor is off duty until Monday.); report for duty (She reported for duty at six.)

類義語： service

よく使う表現： on duty, off duty, night duty

関税、税

特定の商品、特に輸入品や輸出品にかかる税金。

やさしい英語で： A tax paid on particular goods, especially goods entering or leaving a country.

• You must pay duty on these goods.
• The government raised the duty on cigarettes.
• How much import duty will this parcel cost?

使い方： duty on something (There is a duty on imported wine.)

類義語： tax, tariff

よく使う表現： import duty, customs duty, pay duty