advance

前進する、進める

前に進む、発展する、または物事を進めたり発展させたりする。

やさしい英語で： To move forward, or help something move forward or develop.

• The troops advanced slowly.
• New research has advanced our understanding of sleep.
• The project advanced despite several delays.

使い方： advance towards something (The soldiers advanced towards the bridge.)

類義語： progress, move forward

反対語： retreat

よく使う表現： advance towards something, advance a project, advance slowly

前払いする、貸し付ける

通常の支払日より前にお金を渡す、またはお金を貸す。

やさしい英語で： To give someone money before they would usually receive it, or lend them money.

• The bank advanced us the money.
• Could you advance me part of my salary?
• They advanced her a fee before she began writing.

使い方： advance someone something (My employer advanced me a week's wages.); advance something to someone (The publisher advanced money to the writer.)

類義語： lend, pay early

よく使う表現： advance someone money, advance a payment, advance money to

昇進させる

人を今より高い地位や階級に上げる。

やさしい英語で： To give someone a higher position or rank.

• They advanced him to captain.
• The company advanced several employees to management positions.
• She was advanced in rank after years of service.

使い方： advance someone to something (The board advanced her to a senior position.)

類義語： promote

反対語： demote

よく使う表現： advance someone to, advance in rank

事前

「in advance」で、出来事や必要になる時より前に行うこと。

やさしい英語で： If something happens in advance, it happens before another event or before it is needed.

• Please pay in advance.
• We booked our rooms three months in advance.
• They sent instructions in advance of the visit.

使い方： in advance (Please book your tickets in advance.); in advance of something (We received the schedule in advance of the meeting.)

よく使う表現： in advance, well in advance, in advance of

進歩、前進

前に進むこと、または物事をよりよくする変化。

やさしい英語で： A movement forward or a change that makes something better.

• The army's advance continued.
• Recent advances in medicine have saved many lives.
• This discovery represents a major advance in our understanding of stars.

使い方： an advance in something (This treatment is an advance in medical care.)

類義語： progress, improvement, step forward

反対語： retreat, setback

よく使う表現： scientific advance, major advance, military advance

前払い金、前渡し金

通常の支払日より前に渡すお金。まだ行っていない仕事への支払いなど。

やさしい英語で： Money given before it is normally due, often for work that has not yet been done.

• She received an advance.
• The publisher offered him an advance on his next book.
• Can I get a small advance on my salary?

使い方： an advance on something (He asked for an advance on his wages.)

類義語： advance payment

よく使う表現： cash advance, salary advance, receive an advance

値上がり、上昇

物の価格や価値が上がること。

やさしい英語で： An increase in the price or value of something.

• Shares showed a small advance.
• The advance in prices worried buyers.
• A further advance in the value of gold seems likely.

使い方： an advance in something (The report predicts an advance in oil prices.)

類義語： increase, rise, gain

反対語： decrease, fall

よく使う表現： price advance, advance in value, market advance

事前の、前もっての

必要になる前や、出来事が起こる前に行ったり提供したりする。

やさしい英語で： Done or provided before it is needed or before an event happens.

• We need advance notice.
• She made an advance booking for dinner.
• The hotel requires an advance payment before arrival.

類義語： prior, early

よく使う表現： advance payment, advance notice, advance booking