fall

落ちる

支えがなくなり、空中を下へ動く。

やさしい英語で： To move down through the air because nothing is holding you or keeping you up.

• Leaves fall from the trees.
• The glass fell off the shelf.
• Did anyone see the child fall?

使い方： fall from something (A branch fell from the tree.); fall off something (The cup fell off the table.); fall onto something (Snow fell onto the roof.)

類義語： drop

反対語： rise

よく使う表現： fall from something, fall to earth, fall off something

なる

多くの場合、好ましくない特定の状態になる。

やさしい英語で： To begin to be in a particular state, often an unpleasant one.

• The baby fell asleep.
• He fell ill during the trip.
• Everyone falls silent when the music starts.

使い方： fall + adjective (The room fell silent when she entered.); fall into something (The old building fell into disuse.)

類義語： become, get

よく使う表現： fall asleep, fall ill, fall silent

陥落する、倒れる

特に戦争で敗れたり、支配する力を失ったりする。

やさしい英語で： To lose power or be defeated, especially in a war.

• The government could fall soon.
• The city fell after a long siege.
• Several strong teams have fallen to weaker opponents.

使い方： fall to someone (The city fell to the invading army.)

類義語： be defeated, collapse

よく使う表現： fall to someone, fall in battle, government may fall

ひれ伏す

頼み込んだり敬意を示したりするため、自ら地面に身を伏せる。

やさしい英語で： To deliberately drop to the ground, often to beg or show respect.

• He fell to his knees.
• The worshippers fell on their faces in prayer.
• She fell at his feet and begged for help.

使い方： fall to your knees (He fell to his knees and begged her to stay.); fall at someone’s feet (She fell at the king’s feet.)

類義語： prostrate yourself

よく使う表現： fall to earth, fall before someone, fall on knees

戦死する、倒れる

特に戦争で戦っているときに命を失う。

やさしい英語で： To die, especially while fighting in a war.

• Many soldiers fell in battle.
• The memorial names those who fell defending the town.
• They gathered to honor the men who had fallen.

使い方： fall in something (Many young soldiers fell in the war.)

類義語： die, perish

よく使う表現： fall in battle, fall for something, those who fall

秋

夏と冬の間の、葉が色づいて落ちることの多い季節。

やさしい英語で： The season after summer and before winter, when leaves often change color and drop from trees.

• School starts in the fall.
• We visited Canada last fall.
• The park is beautiful when the fall colors appear.

類義語： autumn

よく使う表現： in the fall, last fall, fall colors

落下、転落

人やものが空中を下へ動いたり、地面に倒れたりすること。

やさしい英語で： An event in which someone or something moves down through the air or lands on the ground.

• She had a nasty fall.
• The soft grass broke his fall.
• A fall from that height could be dangerous.

使い方： a fall from something (He survived a fall from a ladder.)

類義語： drop

よく使う表現： a nasty fall, fall from something, break someone’s fall

没落、崩壊

権力や成功、重要な地位を失うこと。

やさしい英語で： The loss of power, success, or an important position.

• The scandal caused his fall.
• We studied the fall of the Roman Empire.
• Her fall from power surprised everyone.

使い方： the fall of someone/something (The scandal led to the fall of the government.); a fall from something (The article describes his fall from power.)

類義語： downfall, collapse

反対語： rise

よく使う表現： fall of something, rise and fall, someone’s sudden fall