reference

référence, lettre de recommandation

Avis sur votre caractère ou votre travail donné par une personne qui vous connaît, généralement pour une candidature.

En anglais simple : Information from someone who knows you, describing your character or work, usually for a job application.

• My manager wrote me a reference.
• Please provide two references with your application.
• Her former employer gave her an excellent reference.

Comment l'utiliser : reference from someone (The company asked for a reference from my previous employer.)

Synonymes : recommendation, testimonial

Expressions courantes : job reference, character reference, provide a reference

référence, étalon

Élément qui sert de base pour comparer, mesurer ou créer autre chose.

En anglais simple : Something you use as a standard when comparing, measuring, or making something else.

• Keep this sample as a reference.
• The original model provided a useful reference.
• We measured every change against the same reference point.

Comment l'utiliser : use something as a reference (Use this photograph as a reference for your drawing.)

Synonymes : standard, benchmark

Expressions courantes : reference point, reference image, as a reference

source, référence

Livre, article ou autre texte publié dont on tire des informations.

En anglais simple : A published book, article, or other written work used as a source of information.

• This book is a useful reference.
• Her paper includes several recent references.
• I found the answer in one of the listed references.

Synonymes : source

Expressions courantes : list of references, academic reference, useful reference

citer, référencer

Indiquer le livre, l’article ou une autre source qui appuie ce qu’on écrit ou dit.

En anglais simple : To name a book, article, or other source that supports what you write or say.

• Always reference your sources.
• He referenced a recent study in his report.
• Have you referenced every article you used?

Comment l'utiliser : reference something in something (She referenced three studies in her essay.)

Synonymes : cite

Expressions courantes : reference a source, reference an article, reference a study

mentionner, évoquer

Parler de quelqu’un ou de quelque chose, directement ou par allusion.

En anglais simple : To mention someone or something, directly or indirectly.

• The song references her childhood.
• He referenced the accident without describing it.
• Several jokes in the film reference old television shows.

Synonymes : mention, refer to, allude to

Expressions courantes : reference an event, reference someone's past, reference a film

référencer, pointer vers

Conserver l’adresse où se trouvent des données dans la mémoire d’un ordinateur.

En anglais simple : To hold the address of data stored in a computer's memory.

• This pointer references the data.
• Both variables reference the same object.
• The address referenced a value that had been deleted.

Synonymes : point to

Expressions courantes : reference an object, reference a value, reference stored data