surface

表面

物や素材の外側、またはいちばん上の層。

やさしい英語で： The outside or top layer of an object or material.

• The surface feels smooth.
• She wiped the kitchen surfaces with a cloth.
• Small bubbles appeared on the surface of the water.

使い方： the surface of something (The surface of the table feels rough.); on the surface (Leaves floated on the surface of the water.)

類義語： exterior, outside

反対語： interior

よく使う表現： surface of something, smooth surface, on the surface

表面、水面

平らな物の上側の面、または液体のいちばん上の部分。

やさしい英語で： The top side of something flat, or the top of a liquid.

• Put the bowl on a flat surface.
• She wiped the surface of the desk.
• Light reflected off the water’s surface.

類義語： top

よく使う表現： flat surface, table surface, surface of something

水面、表面

液体のいちばん上で、空気に接している部分。

やさしい英語で： The top of a liquid, where it meets the air.

• Leaves floated on the surface.
• Bubbles rose to the surface of the pool.
• The wind disturbed the lake’s surface.

使い方： surface of something (Oil covered the surface of the water.)

よく使う表現： water surface, surface of something, below the surface

曲面

空間内の点の集まりで、方程式で表される二次元の形。

やさしい英語で： A set of points in a space, described by an equation and forming a two-dimensional shape.

• The equation defines a curved surface.
• These points lie on the same surface.
• We plotted the surface in three dimensions.

よく使う表現： curved surface, algebraic surface, surface equation

明らかになる、明らかにする

隠れていた事実が知られるようになること、または人々に知らせること。

やさしい英語で： If facts become known, or someone brings them to people’s attention, they appear after being hidden.

• New evidence has surfaced.
• Several problems surfaced during the meeting.
• The review surfaced details that nobody had noticed.

類義語： emerge, reveal

よく使う表現： surface during something, surface new information, surface in something

浮上する、浮上させる

水中から水面に出ること、または物を水面に出すこと。

やさしい英語で： To come up to the top of water, or bring something there.

• The whale surfaced beside us.
• The divers surfaced after twenty minutes.
• The captain surfaced the submarine before dawn.

類義語： come up, bring up

反対語： submerge

よく使う表現： surface for air, surface near something, surface a submarine, surface beside something

舗装する、表面を覆う

道路や物の表面を新しい材料の層で覆うこと。

やさしい英語で： To put a new layer of material on a road or another object.

• They surfaced the road yesterday.
• The path will be surfaced with gravel.
• We need to surface the tennis courts.

使い方： surface something with something (They surfaced the driveway with concrete.)

類義語： cover, pave

よく使う表現： surface a road, surface with something, surface a path