coma

昏睡

長い間意識がなく、呼びかけなどでも目を覚まさない重い状態。

やさしい英語で： A serious condition in which someone is unconscious for a long time and cannot be woken.

• He is in a coma.
• She woke from a coma yesterday.
• The injury left him in a coma for months.

使い方： go into a coma (He went into a coma after the accident.); be in a coma (She was in a coma for three weeks.)

よく使う表現： in a coma, coma patient

コマ

彗星の中心を取り巻くガスやちりの雲。

やさしい英語で： The cloud of gas and dust around the central part of a comet.

• The comet has a bright coma.
• Sunlight made the coma easier to see.
• The telescope revealed dust within the coma.

よく使う表現： comet coma, bright coma

コマ収差

レンズや鏡の欠点で、光の点が尾を引くように伸びて見えること。

やさしい英語で： A fault in a lens or mirror that makes points of light look stretched, like small tails.

• This lens shows noticeable coma.
• Coma makes stars near the image edge look stretched.
• The new mirror design reduces coma.

類義語： comatic aberration

よく使う表現： optical coma, reduce coma

冠毛、毛束

植物の一部の先端や頂部に集まった枝、葉、毛の束。

やさしい英語で： A bunch of branches, leaves, or hairs at the top or end of a plant part.

• The seed has a silky coma.
• A coma of leaves tops the stem.
• The botanist examined the hairs in the coma.

類義語： tuft

よく使う表現： terminal coma, seed coma