break

壊す、壊れる、折る

物が割れたり、ひびが入ったり、形が崩れたりする。また、そうさせる。

やさしい英語で： To damage something so it comes apart, cracks, or loses its proper shape.

• Be careful not to break the glass.
• She fell and broke her wrist.
• The plate broke into three pieces.

使い方： break something into something (She broke the chocolate into small pieces.); break something off something (He broke a branch off the tree.)

類義語： smash, fracture

反対語： mend, repair

よく使う表現： break a window, break something off, break into pieces

破る、違反する

規則や法律に反することをしたり、約束を守らなかったりする。

やさしい英語で： To do something against a rule or law, or fail to do what you promised.

• Never break a promise.
• They broke the rules and lost their prize.
• You could go to prison for breaking the law.

類義語： violate, disobey

反対語： obey, keep

よく使う表現： break the law, break a promise, break the rules

故障する、壊れる

機械や物が、不具合のために動かなくなる。

やさしい英語で： If a machine or object does this, it stops working because something is wrong.

• My phone will break if it gets wet.
• The washing machine broke yesterday.
• Our car broke down on the way home.

類義語： fail, stop working

よく使う表現： break down, break again, break easily

超える、突破する

限界や記録を超える、または物の表面を突き抜ける。

やさしい英語で： To go past a limit or record, or pass through the surface of something.

• She hopes to break the record.
• A whale broke the surface beside our boat.
• The aircraft broke the sound barrier.

類義語： surpass, exceed, penetrate

よく使う表現： break a record, break the surface, break a barrier

脱出する、逃げ出す

閉じ込められていた場所や状況から逃げ出すこと。

やさしい英語で： To escape from a place or situation where you were being held.

• The horse managed to break free.
• Three prisoners broke out last night.
• She broke away from the guards and ran.

使い方： break out of something (Two prisoners broke out of jail.); break free from someone/something (The dog broke free from its owner.)

類義語： escape, get away

よく使う表現： break free, break out, break away

休憩する、中断する

休むために活動を少しの間やめること。

やさしい英語で： To stop an activity for a short rest.

• Let’s break for lunch.
• The meeting broke for coffee at eleven.
• We usually break after the first two hours.

使い方： break for something (We will break for tea at four.)

類義語： pause, stop

反対語： continue, resume

よく使う表現： break for lunch, break for coffee, break briefly

休憩、一休み

活動を一時やめて、主に休むために過ごす短い時間。

やさしい英語で： A short time when you stop an activity, often to rest.

• Let’s take a break.
• We get two short breaks each morning.
• Can I have a break from cleaning?

使い方： break from something (I need a break from studying.)

類義語： rest, pause

よく使う表現： take a break, coffee break, break from something

休暇、学校の休み

生徒が数日間や数週間、授業を受けない期間。

やさしい英語で： A period of days or weeks when students do not have classes.

• School closes for the winter break tomorrow.
• We visited our cousins during spring break.
• How long is your summer break?

類義語： holiday, vacation

よく使う表現： spring break, winter break, school break