aristocracy

貴族階級

代々、爵位や土地、権力を受け継いできた、社会の最上位の階級。

やさしい英語で： The highest social class, whose families traditionally have inherited titles, land, and power.

• Her family belonged to the aristocracy.
• The aristocracy owned much of the land.
• Many members of the old aristocracy opposed the reforms.

類義語： nobility

よく使う表現： british aristocracy, landed aristocracy, the aristocracy

貴族政治

貴族の家柄の人々が権力を握る政治制度、またはその制度の国。

やさしい英語で： A system of government in which people from noble families hold power, or a country governed this way.

• The state was an aristocracy.
• Aristocracy gave a few noble families control of government.
• The revolution replaced aristocracy with a republic.

よく使う表現： hereditary aristocracy, governed by aristocracy

エリート層

ある分野で、ほかの人より重要、有能、または力があるとされる集団。

やさしい英語で： A group considered more important, skilled, or powerful than other people in a particular area.

• They formed an intellectual aristocracy.
• A new aristocracy of wealthy traders emerged.
• The club became a meeting place for the city’s sporting aristocracy.

類義語： elite

よく使う表現： intellectual aristocracy, aristocracy of talent