jihad

djihad, guerre sainte

Guerre menée par des musulmans pour des objectifs qu’ils considèrent comme religieux.

En anglais simple : A war fought by Muslims for what they believe are religious purposes.

• The leader called for armed jihad.
• The group claimed its military campaign was a jihad.
• Historians examined how rulers used calls for jihad during the war.

Comment l'utiliser : jihad against someone/something (The group declared jihad against the government.)

Synonymes : holy war

Expressions courantes : declare jihad, wage jihad, armed jihad

djihad intérieur, combat spirituel

Dans l’islam, effort personnel pour surmonter ses mauvaises habitudes et devenir une meilleure personne.

En anglais simple : In Islam, a personal effort to overcome bad habits and become a better person.

• He described self-discipline as a personal jihad.
• Her inner jihad involved overcoming anger and pride.
• The teacher explained jihad as a daily struggle to live well.

Synonymes : spiritual struggle

Expressions courantes : inner jihad, personal jihad, spiritual jihad

djihad

Dans l’islam, effort personnel pour devenir meilleur et résister au mal.

En anglais simple : In Islam, a personal effort to become better and resist evil.

• She sees daily kindness as part of her jihad.
• His jihad involves resisting selfish desires.
• They discussed jihad as a path to spiritual growth.

Synonymes : spiritual struggle

Expressions courantes : inner jihad, spiritual jihad

croisade

Campagne menée avec une grande détermination pour défendre une idée ou lutter contre quelque chose.

En anglais simple : A very determined campaign to promote an idea or fight against something.

• He launched a jihad against office waste.
• Her political jihad attracted fierce criticism.
• They described the campaign as a jihad for reform.

Comment l'utiliser : jihad against something (The editor waged a jihad against sloppy writing.)

Synonymes : crusade

Expressions courantes : jihad against something, political jihad