spine

columna vertebral, espina dorsal

Conjunto de huesos unidos que recorre el centro de la espalda.

En inglés sencillo: The line of connected bones down the middle of your back.

• Keep your spine straight.
• The fall damaged his spine.
• The doctor checked her spine for signs of injury.

Sinónimos: backbone, spinal column

Expresiones frecuentes: injured spine, curved spine, base of spine

espina, púa

Punta rígida y afilada que crece en un animal o una planta.

En inglés sencillo: A stiff, sharp point growing on an animal or plant.

• A spine pricked my finger.
• The hedgehog raised its spines.
• Some fish have poisonous spines on their backs.

Sinónimos: prickle, thorn

Expresiones frecuentes: cactus spine, sharp spine, poisonous spine

lomo

Borde estrecho de la parte trasera de un libro donde se sujetan sus páginas.

En inglés sencillo: The narrow back edge of a book where its pages are held together.

• The title is on the spine.
• The old book had a cracked spine.
• She repaired the spines of several damaged books.

Cómo se usa: spine of something (The title is printed on the spine of the book.)

Sinónimos: back

Expresiones frecuentes: book spine, cracked spine, spine of something

coraje, agallas

Valor para defenderse o hacer algo difícil.

En inglés sencillo: The courage to stand up for yourself or do something difficult.

• Show some spine!
• He lacked the spine to challenge his boss.
• She finally showed some spine and refused to work unpaid.

Sinónimos: courage, backbone, nerve

Antónimos: cowardice

Expresiones frecuentes: have some spine, show some spine, lack spine