bureaucracy

burocracia, papeleo

Exceso de normas y trámites oficiales que dificulta hacer las cosas.

En inglés sencillo: Too many official rules and steps that make getting things done difficult.

• We faced endless bureaucracy when opening the shop.
• The new system should reduce bureaucracy.
• Why does a simple permit involve so much bureaucracy?

Sinónimos: red tape

Expresiones frecuentes: unnecessary bureaucracy, cut bureaucracy

burocracia

Sistema que organiza el trabajo por departamentos, funciones definidas y distintos niveles de autoridad.

En inglés sencillo: A system of managing work through departments, clear job duties, and different levels of authority.

• A modern bureaucracy assigns clear duties to each department.
• The company developed a bureaucracy as it grew.
• Written procedures are a central part of this bureaucracy.

Expresiones frecuentes: administrative bureaucracy, modern bureaucracy

burocracia

Forma de gobierno en la que los funcionarios toman la mayoría de las decisiones importantes.

En inglés sencillo: A way of governing in which officials make most important decisions.

• The country was governed through a powerful bureaucracy.
• Under bureaucracy, officials make decisions that elected leaders might otherwise make.
• The essay compares bureaucracy with rule by a single leader.

Expresiones frecuentes: state bureaucracy, rule by bureaucracy