subsistence

生存、生活維持

必要最低限のものだけで生きていくこと。

やさしい英語で： Keeping yourself alive with only the basic things you need.

• They depend on subsistence farming.
• Her wages barely allow subsistence.
• Many families lived at subsistence level during the drought.

類義語： survival

よく使う表現： subsistence farming, subsistence level, bare subsistence

生計、生活の糧

生きるために必要な食料やお金など、基本的なもの。

やさしい英語で： Food, money, and other basic things needed to stay alive.

• The river provided their subsistence.
• Workers received a small allowance for subsistence.
• Without the harvest, the village had no means of subsistence.

類義語： sustenance, livelihood

よく使う表現： means of subsistence, provide subsistence, daily subsistence

実在、存在

あるものが実際に存在していること。

やさしい英語で： The fact that something really exists.

• The philosopher questioned the subsistence of matter.
• They debated whether ideas have independent subsistence.
• Her argument assumes the real subsistence of these objects.

類義語： existence, being

反対語： nonexistence

よく使う表現： real subsistence, independent subsistence

内在

ある性質が、ほかのものの一部として存在すること。

やさしい英語で： The way a quality exists as part of something else.

• The text discusses the subsistence of qualities in matter.
• He questioned the subsistence of properties in physical objects.
• Their theory explains subsistence in terms of a quality and its bearer.

類義語： inherence

よく使う表現： subsistence of qualities, subsistence in something