strain

株、系統

特定の特徴を共有する動物や微生物の集団。

やさしい英語で： A group of animals or tiny living things with particular shared features.

• This strain of wheat grows quickly.
• Doctors found a drug-resistant strain of the bacteria.
• Several strains of the virus spread during winter.

使い方： strain of something (The laboratory identified a new strain of bacteria.)

類義語： type, variety

よく使う表現： strain of something, virus strain, bacterial strain, new strain

無理な力仕事、負担

痛みやけがにつながるほどの激しい身体的な努力。

やさしい英語で： Great physical effort that can cause pain or damage.

• The strain made his arms shake.
• Heavy lifting puts strain on your back.
• She rested after the strain of climbing the steep hill.

使い方： strain of doing something (The strain of carrying the boxes left him exhausted.)

類義語： exertion, effort

よく使う表現： physical strain, strain of lifting, avoid strain, muscular strain

気質、傾向

家族から受け継いだ、または性格の一部である特徴や傾向。

やさしい英語で： A quality or tendency passed through a family, or present as part of someone’s character.

• An artistic strain runs through her family.
• He showed a strain of cruelty.
• There was a playful strain in her character.

使い方： strain of something (There is a strain of stubbornness in his family.)

類義語： streak, trait, tendency

よく使う表現： strain of something, stubborn strain, artistic strain

旋律、調べ

特に遠くから聞こえてくる曲や音楽の一節。

やさしい英語で： A tune or part of a piece of music, especially when heard from a distance.

• A gentle strain drifted through the room.
• We heard the familiar strains of her favourite song.
• The opening strains of the music filled the hall.

使い方： strains of something (We heard the strains of a violin through the window.)

類義語： melody, tune

よく使う表現： strains of music, gentle strain, familiar strain

血統、家系

共通の祖先から続く家系や一族。

やさしい英語で： A family line or group connected by shared ancestors.

• He came from a noble strain.
• The family claimed an ancient royal strain.
• Breeders valued the horses from that strain.

類義語： lineage, stock, family line

よく使う表現： noble strain, ancient strain, strain of something

懸命に努力する

難しいことを成し遂げようと力いっぱい努力すること。

やさしい英語で： To make a great effort to do something difficult.

• I strained to see the sign.
• He strains to hear quiet voices.
• We were straining to reach the top shelf.

使い方： strain to do something (She strained to hear the announcement.)

類義語： struggle, exert yourself

よく使う表現： strain to hear, strain to see, strain your eyes, strain to listen

こす

混ざったものを細かい穴に通して、中の成分を分けること。

やさしい英語で： To pass a mixture through small holes to separate its parts.

• Strain the soup before serving.
• She strained the juice through a cloth.
• Have you strained out the seeds?

使い方： strain something through something (Strain the juice through a fine sieve.); strain something out of something (Strain the seeds out of the juice.)

類義語： filter

よく使う表現： strain the soup, strain through something, strain out something, strain the pasta

張る、引っ張る

物を強く引いて、ぴんと張ったり伸ばしたりすること。

やさしい英語で： To pull something hard so that it becomes tight or stretched.

• The load strained the rope.
• Heavy winds strain the cables holding the mast.
• They strained the wire until it was tight.

類義語： stretch, pull taut

よく使う表現： strain a rope, strain a cable, strain the supports