stem

茎、柄

花や葉を支え、植物の他の部分につなぐ細い部分。

やさしい英語で： The thin part that holds a flower or leaf and connects it to the rest of a plant.

• Cut the flower’s stem before putting it in water.
• Each leaf has a short stem.
• The roses have long, strong stems.

類義語： stalk

よく使う表現： flower stem, leaf stem, long stem

脚、柄

ワイングラスの脚やパイプの管など、物の細い部分。

やさしい英語で： A thin part of an object, such as the support of a wine glass or part of a pipe.

• Hold the glass by its stem.
• The pipe’s stem was made of wood.
• She broke the stem of her favourite wine glass.

類義語： shank

よく使う表現： glass stem, pipe stem, slender stem

茎

葉や花を支える植物の中心部分。通常は地上に伸びる。

やさしい英語で： The main part of a plant that supports its leaves and flowers, usually growing above the ground.

• The plant has a thick green stem.
• New leaves grew along the stem.
• Some plants store food in underground stems.

類義語： stalk

よく使う表現： plant stem, woody stem, underground stem

語幹

語尾など、他の語の要素を付け加えられる単語の基本部分。

やさしい英語で： The basic part of a word to which endings or other word parts can be added.

• Add the ending to the verb stem.
• These nouns share the same stem.
• The teacher separated each word into its stem and suffix.

類義語： base

よく使う表現： verb stem, word stem, stem and suffix

起因する、由来する

ある物事が原因となって生じる、またはそこから始まる。

やさしい英語で： To be caused by something or have something as its starting point.

• His anger stems from fear.
• The delay stemmed from a simple mistake.
• Many of these difficulties stem from a lack of money.

使い方： stem from something (Their problems stem from poor communication.)

類義語： arise from, come from, originate in

よく使う表現： stem from something, stem from fear, stem from misunderstanding

食い止める、止める

何かの流れや広がりを止める、または抑える。

やさしい英語で： To stop or reduce the flow or spread of something.

• Press the wound to stem the bleeding.
• The company cut costs to stem its losses.
• Officials struggled to stem the spread of the disease.

類義語： stop, check, curb, halt

よく使う表現： stem the flow, stem the tide, stem the bleeding

へたを取る、茎を取り除く

果実や葉を使う前に、へたや細い茎を取り除く。

やさしい英語で： To remove the small stalks from fruit or leaves before using them.

• Wash and stem the cherries.
• She stemmed the strawberries before making jam.
• Can you stem these grapes while I prepare the bowls?

類義語： destem

よく使う表現： stem cherries, stem strawberries, stem tobacco leaves