specific

特定の

同じ種類の中で、ある特定の人や物、集団を指す。

やさしい英語で： Used when you mean one particular person, thing, or group rather than others of the same kind.

• Are you looking for a specific book?
• We chose this hotel for a specific reason.
• The money must be spent on specific projects.

類義語： particular

反対語： general

よく使う表現： a specific person, a specific reason, a specific purpose, a specific date

具体的な、明確な

詳しく正確な情報があり、何を意味するかはっきり分かる。

やさしい英語で： Giving exact details so that people know clearly what you mean.

• Please give me specific instructions.
• Her description was not very specific.
• Can you be more specific about the price?

使い方： be specific about something (Please be specific about the changes you want.)

類義語： precise, exact, detailed

反対語： vague

よく使う表現： specific instructions, be more specific, specific details, a specific answer

特異的な

特定の病気や状態を、別のものと取り違えずに見分けられる。

やさしい英語で： Able to identify one particular disease or condition without wrongly identifying other conditions as that one.

• The test is highly specific.
• We need a marker specific for this disease.
• A more specific test reduced the number of false positive results.

使い方： specific for something (This marker is highly specific for that infection.)

反対語： nonspecific

よく使う表現： a specific test, highly specific, specific diagnostic marker

特効の

症状を和らげるだけでなく、特定の病気そのものを治療する。

やさしい英語で： Treating a particular disease itself, rather than only reducing the problems it causes.

• There is no specific treatment for this disease.
• They searched for a specific remedy for the infection.
• Quinine was used as a specific medicine for malaria.

使い方： specific for something (The doctors sought a medicine specific for the disease.)

よく使う表現： a specific remedy, specific treatment, specific medicine