revolution

革命

民衆が、しばしば武力で政府を倒し、新しい政府に替える運動。

やさしい英語で： A movement in which a country’s people remove their government and replace it, often using force.

• The revolution ended the king’s rule.
• Many people joined the revolution.
• Several revolutions began with demands for food and freedom.

類義語： uprising, revolt, rebellion

よく使う表現： lead a revolution, start a revolution, violent revolution, popular revolution

革命、大変革

物事のやり方や考え方を大きく変える変化。

やさしい英語で： A very large change in how people do something or think about it.

• The internet caused a revolution in shopping.
• The digital revolution changed how we communicate.
• Several scientific revolutions have transformed medicine.

使い方： a revolution in something (Cheap computers brought a revolution in office work.)

類義語： transformation, upheaval

よく使う表現： industrial revolution, digital revolution, revolution in something

回転

物が自分の中心や軸の周りを一周すること。

やさしい英語で： One complete turn of something around its own centre or central line.

• The wheel made one revolution.
• Count the revolutions as the shaft turns.
• The motor runs at three thousand revolutions per minute.

類義語： turn, rotation

よく使う表現： complete revolution, one revolution, revolution per minute

革命、政治変革

政府や国の統治の仕組みを大きく変える政治的な変化。

やさしい英語で： A major political change that transforms a government or the way a country is ruled.

• The revolution changed the country’s government.
• A peaceful revolution replaced the monarchy with a republic.
• The constitution reflected the ideals of the revolution.

類義語： upheaval, transformation

よく使う表現： political revolution, peaceful revolution, constitutional revolution

公転

惑星などの天体が、別の天体の周りを一周すること。

やさしい英語で： One complete journey of a planet or other body around another body in space.

• The planet completed one revolution.
• Each revolution of the moon takes about a month.
• The satellite’s period of revolution is ninety minutes.

使い方： a revolution around something (Earth completes a revolution around the sun in about a year.)

類義語： orbit

よく使う表現： orbital revolution, revolution around something, period of revolution