precedent

先例、前例

似た状況への対応の手本となる、過去の出来事や決定。

やさしい英語で： An earlier event or decision that provides an example for dealing with a similar situation.

• This decision sets a precedent.
• There is no precedent for a delay this long.
• We followed the precedent established by the previous manager.

使い方： a precedent for something (This decision creates a precedent for future requests.)

類義語： earlier example

よく使う表現： set a precedent, follow a precedent, without precedent, establish a precedent

判例

似た事実のある後の裁判で、判断の参考となる過去の裁判所の決定。

やさしい英語で： An earlier court decision used to help decide a later case with similar facts.

• The judge followed legal precedent.
• Her lawyer cited a precedent from an earlier case.
• The ruling created a new precedent for similar appeals.

よく使う表現： legal precedent, binding precedent, cite a precedent