polarization

二極化、分極化

人々が、強く対立する意見を持つ二つの集団に分かれること。

やさしい英語で： The division of people into two groups with strongly opposing views.

• Political polarization has increased.
• The debate revealed deep polarization among voters.
• Both leaders promised to reduce polarization in society.

類義語： division

よく使う表現： political polarization, growing polarization, polarization of society

偏光

光の波が振動する方向、または振動を一方向にそろえること。

やさしい英語で： The direction in which light waves vibrate, or the process of making them vibrate in one direction.

• The filter changes the polarization of light.
• We measured the beam’s polarization.
• These lenses use polarization to reduce reflected light.

よく使う表現： linear polarization, circular polarization, polarization of light

分極、電気分極

物質や粒子の内部で、正と負の電荷が分かれること。

やさしい英語で： The separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a material or particle.

• The electric field causes polarization.
• Polarization separates the positive and negative charges.
• Scientists studied polarization within the molecules.

よく使う表現： electric polarization, dielectric polarization, polarization of molecules

分極、極性化

互いに反対の二つの端や性質が生じること、またはその状態。

やさしい英語で： The process or state of developing two opposite ends or properties.

• The field caused polarization in the material.
• Researchers measured the polarization of the sample.
• Heating can change its magnetic polarization.

よく使う表現： magnetic polarization, polarization of something