parity

同等、均等

二人や二つの物の価値、強さ、程度が同じであること。

やさしい英語で： A situation in which two people or things have the same value, strength, or level.

• The workers want pay parity.
• The two currencies briefly reached parity.
• Will the new policy achieve parity between men and women?

使い方： parity with someone/something (Teachers are seeking pay parity with other professionals.); parity between A and B (The agreement established parity between the two groups.)

類義語： equality, equivalence

反対語： inequality

よく使う表現： pay parity, achieve parity, parity with something

パリティ、偶奇性

二つの群のどちらに属するか、特に数が偶数か奇数かという性質。

やさしい英語で： Which of two groups something belongs to, especially whether a number is even or odd.

• The numbers have the same parity.
• Adding one changes an integer's parity.
• A parity check can reveal an error in the data.

よく使う表現： odd parity, even parity, parity check

パリティ

偶数と奇数のように、集合の要素が二つの群に分かれる性質。

やさしい英語で： The property of a collection whose members fall into two separate groups, such as even and odd numbers.

• This set has a natural parity structure.
• The operation preserves parity within the set.
• Parity separates the integers into two groups.

よく使う表現： set parity, preserve parity, parity structure

類似、相似

二つの物を比較できるような共通点や似ているところ。

やさしい英語で： A likeness between two things that allows them to be compared.

• The lawyer argued from parity of circumstances.
• By parity of reasoning, this case deserves the same treatment.
• Their argument rests on a supposed parity between the situations.

使い方： by parity of reasoning (By parity of reasoning, the same rule should apply here.)

類義語： similarity, resemblance, analogy

反対語： dissimilarity

よく使う表現： parity of reasoning, parity of circumstances