idealism

理想主義、理想論

現実には実現が難しい、または不可能かもしれない高い希望や目標を持つこと。

やさしい英語で： Having high hopes or aims that may be difficult or impossible to achieve in real life.

• Her youthful idealism impressed us.
• Experience slowly replaced his idealism with practical thinking.
• Their plan reflects idealism but ignores the costs.

類義語： optimism

反対語： realism

よく使う表現： youthful idealism, naive idealism, idealism and reality

理想主義

生きるうえで、思想や道徳的な価値を最も大切だと考えること。

やさしい英語で： The belief that ideas and moral values matter most in life.

• Her idealism puts fairness above profit.
• His idealism makes him value principles more than personal success.
• The movement’s idealism centers on justice and equal rights.

反対語： materialism

よく使う表現： moral idealism, political idealism, idealism and values

観念論

心の外の物そのものではなく、観念や心の中の像を直接知るとする哲学的立場。

やさしい英語で： The philosophical view that we can know ideas or mental images directly, rather than things outside our minds.

• The lecture introduced philosophical idealism.
• Idealism raises questions about what we can know directly.
• She compared idealism with theories that give physical reality priority.

反対語： realism

よく使う表現： philosophical idealism, subjective idealism, theory of idealism