extinct

絶滅した

特に動植物の種で、生きている個体が一つも残っていない。

やさしい英語で： Having no living members left, especially when talking about a type of animal or plant.

• The dodo is extinct.
• Many plants have become extinct.
• Scientists study the bones of extinct animals.

類義語： died out

反対語： living, extant

よく使う表現： extinct species, become extinct, extinct animals

死火山の

活動をやめ、今後も噴火しないと考えられる火山をいう。

やさしい英語で： Describing a volcano that is no longer active and is not expected to erupt again.

• This volcano is extinct.
• We walked around the crater of an extinct volcano.
• The island contains several extinct volcanoes.

類義語： dead

反対語： active

よく使う表現： extinct volcano, extinct volcanic cone

消滅した、廃れた

特に言語や習慣、組織などが、もう存在しない、または使われていない。

やさしい英語で： No longer existing or used, especially a language, custom, or organization.

• That custom is now extinct.
• Only a few texts survive in this extinct language.
• The book describes several extinct political institutions.

類義語： defunct, obsolete, dead

反対語： existing

よく使う表現： extinct language, extinct custom, extinct institution