citation

被引用、引用

別の著者が、自分の文章であなたの研究や作品を取り上げること。

やさしい英語で： An occasion when another writer refers to your work in their own writing.

• Her paper received its first citation.
• This study has hundreds of citations.
• Does the report count citations from books?

類義語： reference

よく使う表現： receive a citation, citation count, academic citation

引用

文章や発言の言葉を、出典を示して使うこと。

やさしい英語で： Using words from a text or speech and naming where they came from.

• Accurate citation gives credit to the author.
• Her argument relies on direct citation of the original letters.
• Citation of this passage requires the page number.

使い方： citation of something (The essay includes citation of several passages from the speech.)

類義語： quotation, quoting

よく使う表現： citation of something, direct citation, accurate citation

召喚、出頭命令

裁判所に出頭するよう人に命じる、正式な指示。

やさしい英語で： An official instruction telling someone to appear in court.

• The court issued a citation.
• She received a citation to appear before a judge.
• The officer served three citations yesterday.

使い方： citation to appear (He received a citation to appear in court.)

類義語： summons

よく使う表現： issue a citation, receive a citation, citation to appear

召喚状

裁判所に出頭しなければならないことを知らせる文書。

やさしい英語で： A document that tells someone they must appear in court.

• He put the citation on his desk.
• The officer handed her a citation.
• Keep copies of all citations you receive.

類義語： summons

よく使う表現： copy of a citation, sign a citation, citation form

言及、列挙

何かについて述べたり、一覧に挙げたりすること。

やさしい英語で： The act of mentioning or listing something.

• The report contains a citation of names.
• Mere citation of facts does not explain their importance.
• His account offers only a brief citation of these events.

使い方： citation of something (A brief citation of the facts will be enough.)

類義語： mention, enumeration

よく使う表現： citation of facts, mere citation, brief citation